Groundwater Advection-Dispersion Plume

Environmental Engineering

How It Works

Solute transport in saturated porous aquifers is governed by simultaneous hydraulic advection and mechanical hydrodynamic dispersion. While regional groundwater velocity drives the bulk translation of the chemical plume downstream, pore-scale tortuosity and molecular diffusion cause longitudinal and transverse spatial spreading. Retardation factors account for chemical adsorption onto soil minerals.

Governing Equation
∂C/∂t = D_x · (∂²C/∂x²) + D_y · (∂²C/∂y²) - v_x · (∂C/∂x)  |  R = 1 + (ρ_b · K_d) / n