Venturi Tube & Bernoulli Flow

Mechanical Engineering

How It Works

A Venturi tube demonstrates the conservation of mass and mechanical energy in incompressible fluid dynamics. When fluid enters the constricted throat section, the reduction in cross-sectional area forces flow velocity to increase according to the continuity equation (A₁V₁ = A₂V₂). In accordance with Bernoulli's principle, this acceleration induces a corresponding localized drop in static pressure.

Governing Equation
A₁ · V₁ = A₂ · V₂ , P₁ + (1/2) · ρ · V₁² = P₂ + (1/2) · ρ · V₂² , ΔP = (1/2) · ρ · (V₂² - V₁²)